Do I Really Need an Antibiotic?

With all the information (and misinformation) out there, it’s easy to see why some might be skeptical. In this brief article brought to you by Southern Maryland Medical Group, we explore what antibiotics are, when they’re truly necessary, and how to use them responsibly.

This article is for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your primary care physician or another qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or treatment.

What are antibiotics?

Antibiotics are powerful medications designed to treat infections caused by bacteria. They work by either killing bacteria or inhibiting their growth, which helps your immune system to eliminate the infection.

There are different types of antibiotics, with each targeting specific types of bacteria. For instance, some antibiotics can tackle a wide range of bacteria while others are more focused on targeting specific bacterial strains.

However, it’s important to note that antibiotics are not a cure-all. They are only effective against bacterial infections and won’t do anything to treat viral infections like the common cold, the flu, or COVID-19. This is where the confusion often begins.

When are antibiotics necessary?

The decision to take an antibiotic should always be guided by a healthcare professional. Here’s a general overview of when antibiotics might be necessary:

• If you have a bacterial infection, such as strep throat, urinary tract infections (UTIs), certain types of pneumonia, or bacterial sinusitis, an antibiotic may be necessary.
• In some cases, even if an infection isn’t causing severe symptoms, an antibiotic might be prescribed to prevent complications. For example, a person with a heart valve problem might be given antibiotics before certain dental procedures to prevent a bacterial infection from spreading to the heart.
• Individuals with chronic conditions or weakened immune systems may need antibiotics more frequently.

When you might NOT need an antibiotic

On the flip side, there are many instances where antibiotics are not necessary and could even be harmful:

• The common cold, flu, bronchitis, most sore throats, and some ear infections are usually caused by viruses. In these cases, antibiotics won’t help because they don’t work against viruses.
• Not all bacterial infections require antibiotics. Some minor infections, such as mild sinusitis or certain ear infections, can clear up on their own with rest, fluids, and over-the-counter remedies.
• Sometimes, people ask for antibiotics “just in case” they might need them. However, taking antibiotics without a confirmed bacterial infection can do more harm than good.

The Bottom Line: Consult your doctor

Antibiotics are a vital tool in treating bacterial infections, but they’re not always necessary – and using them improperly can have serious consequences. Always consult your primary care doctors before taking antibiotics and trust their guidance on whether they’re needed.

Residents in the area looking for a licensed primary care physician can call Southern Maryland Medical Group to schedule an appointment or arrange a walk-in for as soon as possible.